De Saussure
De Saussure proposed two ideas about the ways signs function, he suggested that a sign= signifier+signified.
the signifier means the physical signs for example the; sound,inscription, smell,drawing,that it exists in the outside world. eg/ the pig
the signified means the mental concept, the meaning the signifier evokes in the mind of the receiver, this exists in the minds of people who see the sign and interpret the sign. eg/ the pig, its not about what the pig looks like(what the sign is), it's more about who is looking at the pig and how they see it. such as in different cultures a pig can be seen as a holy animal.
Barthes
Barthes proposed that there are two things that make up a sign.
the denotation- what you see and why you think that object is that object.(the sign) eg/ a pig you think curly tails and pink skin.
the connotation- what the sign mean. eg/ the pig- you think messy and loud
Pierce
Icon- what the object looks like eg/ a pig is a pig
the index- a sign that associates that thing to something else eg/ with a pig you think of bacon.
the symbol- a sign that has no meaning on it's own because it doesn't look like anything, but society has agreed on a meaning eg/ the police are known as pigs.
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